Everyone needs to know how the human papillomavirus spreads. Is this the only way to protect yourself from dangerous diseases? Often, papillomas are not given special significance. Many believe that when an increase appears in the body, it disappears on its own. This mistake haunts humanity and the consequences can be undesirable.
Papilloma tissue tends to grow, leading to the spread of papillomavirus in the body. Sometimes some strains are able to cause cancer.
What is the human papillomavirus
This virus is a chronic infectious manifestation of various diseases that can occur in humans at any age. In medical practice, this virus is of two types, one that does not carry a high risk of dangerous diseases and a high-risk virus.
Less dangerous viruses include papillomas and warts of subtypes 6 and 11 and dangerous subtypes of subtypes 16 and 18. The latter type leads to cell mutation and cancer development.
The papilloma virus multiplies on the skin and mucous membranes. As a result, the following growths develop on the skin:
- warts;
- warts;
- papillomas in the mouth and larynx;
- Papillomas on internal organs.
In many cases, papillomas become a cancer of the cervix as well as cancer of the male genitals. To avoid such consequences, ways of spreading the disease need to be known.
How the virus enters the human body
The infection spreads to a person's mucous membranes or skin. If there is no acute disease, the papilloma does not manifest in any way and no growths develop on the surface of the skin.
If different colored growths have formed on the skin, it indicates a pre-cancerous condition in which the human skin and whole body are suffering from a malignancy or the immunity is significantly reduced.
“Favorite” places for bacteria to enter are cuts, scratches, and other skin damage through which the virus can penetrate.
The likelihood of infection increases if:
- A person has a cold or other cause that causes a significant decrease in immunity.
- Intestinal or female genital dysbacteriosis is observed. In this case, the death of the beneficial microflora occurs and harmful microorganisms, in this case human papillomavirus infection, occur.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression that reduces a person's defenses against viruses.
Most often, patients with nicotine addiction and women taking birth control pills get sick.
Virus routes
If a person has no symptoms, it does not mean that there is no papillomavirus. The initial stage, when there are no growths yet, can be diagnosed using the latest equipment. There are many ways in medicine to spread dangerous microorganisms.
Both men and women can be infected with a dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are distinguished:
Sexually
This is the most common method for infections. It is just a sexual relationship and the papillomavirus can spread from an infected person to a healthy person. It didn’t matter if the contact was oral, vaginal, or anal. The risk remains.
Many people are interested in the question of whether the human papillomavirus spreads from woman to man. Most often, however, a man is diagnosed with the disease and many women are able to become carriers of the disease. In this case, the location of the bacteria is the genitals, or the mucous membranes of the oral cavity where the genital warts appeared. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
During anal sex, papillomas develop in the anus. Especially if there is any damage or injury. If your partner has genital warts, even using a condom does not provide complete protection.
The contributing factors to the disease are:
- early onset of sexual activity;
- frequent exchange of sexual partners;
- warts or warts in the sexual partner.
The most common way to infect papilloma types 16 and 18 is oral sex. In this case, the virus enters the human body through various wounds or other damage to the oral mucosa. Multiplied in the mouth, in the absence of qualified treatment, there is a high probability of developing throat cancer. To avoid such consequences, you should use a condom.
If the virus is localized to human skin, a condom will not help here. Papilloma spreads through direct contact with human skin, which includes condylomas and warts.
by household
In this case, the infection occurs in the following ways:
- Use the same towel, soap and other personal care products with warts on your hands. Pathology occurs when there are injuries and abrasions on the body.
- Using a single toothbrush or dish will lead to infection through the patient's saliva.
- The clothing of an infected person can become a hotbed for the development of the virus and reach a healthy person.
- Self-infection with shaving, epilation and other methods. The disease develops when a wart is injured by a razor or other object that has not previously been a hazard. In the event of damage, this increase provokes the formation of neoplasms, which can pose a significant threat to human health.
Infection by contact with infected people in public places
Medical practice has documented cases where the virus was transmitted through blood transfusions, genital wart removal operations, when doctors inadvertently spread the focus of the infection throughout the body, and poor sterilization of manicure tools in salons.
Mother-to-child transmission of the virus
Human papilloma is not an inherited disease, but there is still a risk of the mother's child spreading. When carrying a child, the risk of transmitting the virus is minimal, but if the placenta is damaged or other changes occur, the papilloma may spread to the unborn baby.
The virus travels through the placenta because the fetus has not yet formed the bronchi and alveoli. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis. If you have breathing problems after the baby is born, a test is performed, after which medication or surgery may be prescribed. The latter option is used much more often as it has a higher chance of recovery.
Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, all necessary tests should be passed to rule out the risk of developing papilloma.
It is very likely that your baby will become infected with the virus as it passes through the birth canal. This results in the appearance of genital warts in the child's mouth and larynx, leading to various respiratory disorders and a decrease in immunity.
If papillomas have been detected in a woman's genitals before childbirth, the birth is performed artificially to reduce the risk of infection in the child.
Another way to infect a baby from its mother is to breastfeed. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis, which is treated immediately.
Characteristics of the virus in men and women
In women, the virus travels through the cervix, rectum, or mouth. If sexual partners change frequently, the risk of infection increases to a maximum level. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer and many other diseases.
In men, the papilloma virus occurs in the scrotum, genitals, anus, or mouth. In men, the disease can continue without symptoms, developing papillomavirus only after severe stress or a decrease in immunity.
A dangerous moment for HPV in men is cancer of the male genitals or rectum.
To prevent the virus from entering the human body, hygiene rules must be followed, as well as a healthy lifestyle and loyalty to a sexual partner.